Africa is home to one of the largest terrestrial snails in the world, the Giant African Land Snail (Achatina fulica). Native to East Africa, these snails can grow up to an astounding 20 centimeters (8 inches) in length, making them one of the most impressive invertebrates found on land. Known for their massive size and striking spiral shells, they have become a unique symbol of the continent’s biodiversity.

However, their fascinating size and adaptability have also made them a significant problem in other parts of the world. The Giant African Land Snail is often classified as an invasive species, posing threats to ecosystems, agriculture, and local economies. In non-native regions such as the United States, Southeast Asia, and the Caribbean, their rapid reproduction and insatiable appetite for crops have caused widespread agricultural damage.

These snails are incredibly hardy, capable of surviving in various climates and laying up to 1,200 eggs per year. This has allowed them to thrive in new environments, often outcompeting native species and disrupting local ecosystems. Their ability to carry parasites that can infect both humans and animals adds to their notoriety as a global pest.

Despite their invasive status, the Giant African Land Snail plays an important role in African ecosystems, contributing to nutrient cycling by feeding on decomposing plant material. In some communities, they are even considered a delicacy and are used in traditional medicine.

Efforts to control the spread of these snails have proven challenging. In regions where they are considered invasive, authorities have implemented quarantine measures, pest control programs, and public awareness campaigns to limit their impact. Yet, their resilience continues to make eradication difficult.

As Africa celebrates its diverse wildlife, the Giant African Land Snail stands as both an ecological marvel and a global cautionary tale of how species, once displaced, can cause profound consequences far beyond their native lands.